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Что (кто) такое character set - определение
SYSTEM USING A PRESCRIBED SET OF DIGITAL VALUES TO REPRESENT TEXTUAL CHARACTERS
Character set; Text encoding; International character set; Character code; Charset; Text encodings; Character encodings; Character sets; Legacy encoding; Character Set; Codeset; Legacy character set; Coded character set; Charsets; Coded Character Set; Character repertoire; Character encoding scheme; Character encoding form; Code character; Coded character; Code unit; Symbol set; Draft:List of computer character encodings; Character encoding system; Character coding system; Character coding; IBM Character Data Representation Architecture; Character Data Representation Architecture; IBM CDRA; CDRA; File encoding; File encodings; Convmv; Code set; Unicode encoding model; Character encoding translation; History of character encoding
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character set
<character> 1. A particular mapping between characters and
byte strings, i.e. the combination of a particular
character encoding (which maps between byte strings and
integers) and a particular coded character set (which maps
between integers and characters).
For example: ASCII (the ASCII coded character set, encoded
directly as single-byte values), or UTF-8 (the Unicode coded
character set, encoded with an 8-bit transformation method).
2. Occasionally: a character repertoire; or a {coded
character set}.
(1998-12-17)
coded character set
<character, standard> A mapping from a set of integers to a
set of characters. This mapping is generally 1:1 (i.e.,
bijective), for example, the code position 65 in ASCII
maps only to "A", and it's the only position that maps to "A".
There are several standard coded character sets, the most
widely used is ASCII, generally in its Latin-1 dialect,
with Unicode becoming slowly more common; while EBCDIC and
Baudot are extinct except in legacy systems.
A coded character set may include letters, digits,
punctuation, control codes, various mathematical and
typographic symbols, and other characters. Each character in
the set is represented by a unique character code (or "{code
position}").
(1998-10-18)
character repertoire
<character> The set of all characters onto which a {coded
character set} maps integers (code positions).
For example, consider these two simple coded character sets:
Coded Character Set One:
integer 0 -> the character "A"
integer 1 -> the character "B"
Coded Character Set Two:
integer 0 -> the character "B"
integer 1 -> the character "A"
Both of these coded character sets map to the characters "A"
and "B", so they have the same character repertoire. But
since the mapping is different (and obviously incompatible),
these are different coded character sets.
(1998-12-17)
character encoding scheme
CDRA
Character Data Representation Architecture
Character encoding
Character encoding is the process of assigning numbers to graphical characters, especially the written characters of human language, allowing them to be stored, transmitted, and transformed using digital computers.Definition from The Tech Terms Dictionary The numerical values that make up a character encoding are known as "code points" and collectively comprise a "code space", a "code page", or a "character map".
character encoding
<character> (Or "character encoding scheme") A mapping of
binary values to code positions and back; generally a 1:1
(bijective) mapping.
In the case of ASCII, this is generally a f(x)=x mapping:
code point 65 maps to the byte value 65, and vice versa. This
is possible because ASCII uses only code positions
representable as single bytes, i.e., values between 0 and 255,
at most. (US-ASCII only uses values 0 to 127, in fact.)
Unicode and many CJK coded character sets use many more
than 255 positions, requiring more complex mappings: sometimes
the characters are mapped onto pairs of bytes (see DBCS).
In many cases, this breaks programs that assume a one-to-one
mapping of bytes to characters, and so, for example, treat any
occurrance of the byte value 13 as a carriage return. To
avoid this problem, character encodings such as UTF-8 were
devised.
(1998-10-18)
ANSI character set
WIKIMEDIA DISAMBIGUATION PAGE
ANSI (character set); ANSI character set (disambiguation)
The phrase ANSI character set has no well-defined meaning and has been used to refer to the following, among other things:
RPL character set
HP RPL character set; Hewlett-Packard RPL character set; HP48 character encoding; HP48 character set; HP49 character set; HP49 character encoding; HP50 character set; HP50 character encoding; HP38 character set; HP38 character encoding; HP39 character set; HP39 character encoding; HP40 character set; HP40 character encoding; HP 82240B character set; HP ECMA-94; Hewlett-Packard ECMA-94
The RPL character set is an 8-bit character set and encoding used by most RPL calculators manufactured by Hewlett-Packard as well as by the HP 82240B thermo printer. It is sometimes referred to simply as "ECMA-94" in documentation, although it is for the most part a superset of ISO/IEC 8859-1 / ECMA-94 in terms of printable characters, and it differs from ISO/IEC 8859-1 by using displayable characters rather than control characters in the 0x80 to 0x9F range of code points.
NEC APC character set
CHARACTER SET DEVELOPED BY NEC
APC character set
NEC APC is an 8-bit character set developed by NEC for the NEC APC, a CP/M-86 and MS-DOS-compatible personal computer in 1983. These were a contemporary competitor for the IBM PC, although eclipsed by fully PC-compatible computers.
Википедия
Character encoding
Character encoding is the process of assigning numbers to graphical characters, especially the written characters of human language, allowing them to be stored, transmitted, and transformed using digital computers. The numerical values that make up a character encoding are known as "code points" and collectively comprise a "code space", a "code page", or a "character map".
Early character codes associated with the optical or electrical telegraph could only represent a subset of the characters used in written languages, sometimes restricted to upper case letters, numerals and some punctuation only. The low cost of digital representation of data in modern computer systems allows more elaborate character codes (such as Unicode) which represent most of the characters used in many written languages. Character encoding using internationally accepted standards permits worldwide interchange of text in electronic form.
